He is transferred to Federal Reformatory at Petersburg, Virginia. Later in , Manson is moved to a more secure reformatory at Chillicothe, Ohio. The couple produces a child, Charles, Jr. Manson works as a parking-lot attendant and busboy--and steals cars. In October, he is arrested for auto theft and sentenced to five years probation Manson is sentenced to three years imprisonment at San Pedro, California for violating the terms of his probation.
His ex-wife retains custody of their child. Manson is released on parole and becomes a pimp in southern California. He is given a ten-year suspended sentence. In April, he is indicted on federal Mann Act charges. He is arrested in Laredo, and brought back to California where is ordered to prison to serve the ten-year sentence that had been suspended in He claims to be a Scientologist. Prison psychiatrists say he has "deep-seated personality problems.
He learns to play a steel guitar. March 21, Manson asks prison officials to let him remain in prison, but having completed a ten-year prison term, he is released. He heads for San Francisco. Summer Manson and a number of his followers, now called "The Family," move into Spahn ranch in southern California.
December The Beatles release their White Album, which proves to be a great influence Manson's thinking. March 23, Manson visits Cielo Drive the Tate residence looking for Terry Melcher, who he hoped might publish his music. Tate's photographer curtly tells Manson to leave by "the back alley," possibly supplying a motive for the later attack at the Tate home. July 31, A music teacher named Gary Hinman is stabbed to death.
On the wall near the body, in Hinman's blood, was printed "political piggy. As he sends them from the ranch on their mission, he tells them "to leave a sign --something witchy.
August 9, Shortly after midnight, the brutal attack on residents at the Tate residence begins. In all, stab wounds are inflicted on four victims; a fifth victim is shot. The murders are discovered by housekeeper Winifred Chapman the next morning. The four Family members return to Spahn ranch, where Manson criticizes them for doing a messy job. The words "Death to Pigs" and "Healter [sic] Skelter" are found printed on a wall and a refrigerator door.
September 1, Under a bush near his home, a ten-year-old boy finds the gun used in the Tate murders. The boy's father turns the gun over to the LAPD. The LAPD fails to do a proper investigation.
October 12, Manson is arrested at Barker Ranch in Death Valley and charged with grand theft auto. He is put in jail in Independence. November 6, While incarcerated in Los Angeles on other charges, Susan Atkins tells a fellow inmate, Virginia Castro Graham , that she participated in the Tate murders.
November 17, Danny DeCarlo implicates Manson in the Spahn ranch murder of Shorty Shea, and also suggests that persons at the Spahn ranch might also have been responsible for the Tate murders--but, he tells detectives, he would be afraid to testify. August 10, Judge Older grants Linda Kasabian immunity from prosecution for the Tate-LaBianca murders in return for agreeing to appear as the prosecution's star witness at the Manson trial.
November 16, The state rests its case in the Manson trial. November 19, The defense announces, without having presented any evidence, that it also rests. November 20, Manson announces that he wishes to testify. He makes a strange statement, saying "The children that come at you with knives are your children. You taught them. Wilson would sing and talk with Manson, whose women were treated as servants to them both.
Wilson paid for studio time to record songs written and performed by Manson, and he introduced Manson to acquaintances of his with roles in the entertainment business. Spahn Ranch. Manson established a base for the group at Spahn's Movie Ranch not far from Topanga Canyon in August after Wilson's manager told the Family to move out of Wilson's home. The entire Family then relocated to the ranch.
The ranch had been a television and movie set for Western productions. However, by the late s, the buildings had deteriorated and the ranch was earning money primarily by selling horseback rides. Family members did helpful work around the grounds. Also, Manson ordered the Family's women, including Lynette "Squeaky" Fromme, to occasionally have sex with the nearly blind, year-old owner, George Spahn. The women also acted as seeing-eye guides for Spahn.
In exchange, Spahn allowed Manson and his group to live at the ranch for free. Squeaky acquired her nickname because she often squeaked when Spahn pinched her thigh. Charles Watson soon joined the group at Spahn's ranch.
Watson, a small-town Texan who had quit college and moved to California, met Manson at Dennis Wilson's house. Watson gave Wilson a ride while Wilson was hitchhiking after his cars had been wrecked. Spahn nicknamed Watson "Tex" because of his pronounced Texan drawl.
Helter Skelter. In the first days of November , Manson established the Family at alternative headquarters in Death Valley's environs, where they occupied two unused or little-used ranches, Myers and Barker. The former, to which the group had initially headed, was owned by the grandmother of a new woman in the Family.
The latter was owned by an elderly, local woman to whom Manson presented himself and a male Family member as musicians in need of a place congenial to their work. When the woman agreed to let them stay there if they'd fix up things, Manson honored her with one of the Beach Boys' gold records, several of which he had been given by Dennis Wilson.
Despite having been 29 years old and imprisoned when the Beatles first came to America in , Manson was obsessed with the group. At McNeil, he had told fellow inmates, including Alvin Karpis, that he could surpass the group in fame; to the Family, he spoke of the group as "the soul" and "part of 'the hole in the infinite. For some time, Manson had been saying that racial tension between blacks and whites was growing and that blacks would soon rise up in rebellion in America's cities.
He had emphasized Martin Luther King, Jr. On a bitterly cold New Year's Eve at Myers Ranch, the Family members, gathered outside around a large fire, listened as Manson explained that the social turmoil he had been predicting had also been predicted by the Beatles.
The White Album songs, he declared, told it all, although in code. In fact, he maintained or would soon maintain , the album was directed at the Family itself, an elect group that was being instructed to preserve the worthy from the impending disaster. In early January , the Family escaped the desert's cold and positioned itself to monitor L. Because this locale would allow the group to remain "submerged beneath the awareness of the outside world," Manson called it the Yellow Submarine, another Beatles reference.
There, Family members prepared for the impending apocalypse, which, around the campfire, Manson had termed "Helter Skelter," after the song of that name. By February, Manson's vision was complete. The Family would create an album whose songs, as subtle as those of the Beatles, would trigger the predicted chaos.
Ghastly murders of whites by blacks would be met with retaliation, and a split between racist and non-racist whites would yield whites' self-annihilation. Blacks' triumph, as it were, would merely precede their being ruled by the Family, which would ride out the conflict in "the bottomless pit"—a secret city beneath Death Valley.
At the Canoga Park house, while Family members worked on vehicles and pored over maps to prepare for their desert escape, they also worked on songs for their world-changing album. When they were told Terry Melcher was to come to the house to hear the material, the women prepared a meal and cleaned the place; but Melcher never arrived.
Encounter with Tate. On March 23, , Manson entered, uninvited, upon Cielo Drive, which he had known as Melcher's residence. This was Rudi Altobelli's property, where Melcher was no longer the tenant. Manson was met by Shahrokh Hatami, a photographer and Tate's friend. Hatami was there to photograph Tate in advance of her departure for Rome the next day. Having seen Manson through a window as Manson approached the main house, Hatami had gone onto the front porch to ask him what he wanted.
When Manson told Hatami he was looking for someone whose name Hatami did not recognize, Hatami informed him the place was the Polanski residence. Hatami advised him to try "the back alley," by which he meant the path to the guest house, beyond the main house.
Concerned over the stranger on the property, Hatami was now down on the front walk, to confront Manson. Appearing behind Hatami, in the house's front door, Tate asked him who was calling.
Hatami said a man was looking for someone. Hatami and Tate maintained their positions while Manson, without a word, went back to the guest house, returned a minute or two later, and left. That evening, Manson returned to the property and again went back to the guest house. Presuming to enter the enclosed porch, he spoke with Rudi Altobelli, who was just coming out of the shower. Although Manson asked for Melcher, Altobelli felt Manson had come looking for him. This is consistent with prosecutor Vincent Bugliosi's later discovery that Manson had apparently been to the place on earlier occasions after Melcher's departure from it.
Speaking through the inner screen door, Altobelli told Manson that Melcher had moved to Malibu. He lied that he did not know Melcher's new address. In response to a question from Manson, Altobelli said he himself was in the entertainment business, although, having met Manson the previous year, at Dennis Wilson's home, he was sure Manson already knew that. At Wilson's, Altobelli had complimented Manson lukewarmly on some of his musical recordings that Wilson had been playing.
When Altobelli informed Manson he was going out of the country the next day, Manson said he'd like to speak with him upon his return; Altobelli lied that he would be gone for more than a year. In response to a direct question from Altobelli, Manson explained that he had been directed to the guest house by the persons in the main house; Altobelli expressed the wish that Manson not disturb his tenants.
Manson left. As Altobelli flew with Tate to Rome the next day, Tate asked him whether "that creepy-looking guy" had gone back to the guest house the day before. Melcher arranged a subsequent visit, not long thereafter, on which he brought a friend who possessed a mobile recording unit; but he himself did not record the group.
When Manson tasked Watson with obtaining money supposedly intended to help the Family prepare for the conflict, Watson defrauded a black drug dealer named Bernard "Lotsapoppa" Crowe. Crowe responded with a threat to wipe out everyone at Spahn Ranch. Manson countered on July 1, , by shooting Crowe at his Hollywood apartment.
Manson's mistaken belief that he had killed Crowe was seemingly confirmed by a news report of the discovery of the dumped body of a Black Panther in Los Angeles.
Although Crowe was not a member of the Black Panthers, Manson, concluding he had been, expected retaliation from the group.
He turned Spahn Ranch into a defensive camp, with night patrols of armed guards. The three held the uncooperative Hinman hostage for two days, during which Manson showed up with a sword to slash his ear. She said Manson had told her privately, two days earlier, that, if she wanted to "do something important," she could kill Hinman and get his money.
Tate murders. Beausoleil was arrested on August 6, , after he had been caught driving Hinman's car. Police found the murder weapon in the tire well.
On the night of August 8, Manson directed Watson to take Atkins, Linda Kasabian, and Patricia Krenwinkel to "that house where Melcher used to live" and "totally destroy everyone in [it], as gruesome as you can. Krenwinkel was one of the early Family members, one of the hitchhikers who had allegedly been picked up by Dennis Wilson. Tate's husband, Polanski, was in London working on a film project; Tate had been visiting with him and had returned to the United States only three weeks earlier.
When the murder team arrived at the entrance to the Cielo Drive property, Watson, who had been to the house on at least one other occasion, climbed a telephone pole near the gate and cut the phone line. It was now around midnight and into August 9, Backing their car down to the bottom of the hill that led up to the place, the group parked there and walked back up to the house.
Thinking the gate might be electrified or rigged with an alarm, they climbed a brushy embankment at its right and dropped onto the grounds. Just then, headlights came their way from farther within the angled property.
Watson ordered the women to lie in the bushes. He then stepped out and ordered the approaching driver, year-old student and hi-fi enthusiast Steven Parent, to halt.
As Watson leveled a caliber revolver at Parent, the frightened youth begged Watson not to hurt him, claiming that he wouldn't say anything. Watson first slashed at Parent with a knife, giving him a defensive slash wound on the palm of his hand severing tendons and tearing the boy's watch off his wrist , then shot him four times in the chest and abdomen.
Watson then ordered the women to help push the car further up the driveway. After traversing the front lawn and having Kasabian search for an open window of the main house, Watson cut the screen of a window.
Watson told Kasabian to keep watch down by the gate; she walked over to Steven Parent's Rambler and waited. He then removed the screen, entered through the window, and let Atkins and Krenwinkel in through the front door.
As Watson whispered to Atkins, Frykowski awoke on the living-room couch; Watson kicked him in the head. Watson began to tie Tate and Sebring together by their necks with rope he'd brought and slung up over a beam.
Sebring's protest — his second — of rough treatment of the pregnant Tate prompted Watson to shoot him. After that, Watson stabbed the groaning Sebring seven times. Frykowski's hands had been bound with a towel. Freeing himself, Frykowski began struggling with Atkins, who stabbed at his legs with the knife with which she had been guarding him. As he fought his way toward and out the front door, onto the porch, Watson joined in against him.
Watson struck him over the head with the gun multiple times, stabbed him repeatedly, and shot him twice. Watson broke the gun's right grip in the process. Around this time, Kasabian was drawn up from the driveway by "horrifying sounds. In a vain effort to halt the massacre, she told Atkins falsely that someone was coming.
Inside the house, Folger had escaped from Krenwinkel and fled out a bedroom door to the pool area. Folger was pursued to the front lawn by Krenwinkel, who stabbed — and finally, tackled — her. She was dispatched by Watson; her two assailants had stabbed her 28 times. As Frykowski struggled across the lawn, Watson murdered him with a final flurry of stabbing. Frykowski was stabbed a total of 51 times. Back in the house, Tate pleaded to be allowed to live long enough to have her baby, and even offered herself as a hostage in an attempt to save the life of her unborn child; her killers would have none of it, as either Atkins, Watson, or both killed Tate, who was stabbed 16 times.
Watson later wrote that Tate cried, "Mother Earlier, as the four Family members had headed out from Spahn Ranch, Manson had told the women to "leave a sign En route home, the killers changed out of bloody clothes, which were ditched in the hills, along with their weapons.
In initial confessions to cellmates of hers at Sybil Brand Institute, Atkins would say she killed Tate. In later statements to her attorney, to prosecutor Vincent Bugliosi, and before a grand jury, Atkins indicated Tate had been stabbed by Tex Watson. In his autobiography, Watson said that he stabbed Tate and that Atkins never touched her. Since he was aware that the prosecutor, Bugliosi, and the jury that had tried the other Tate-LaBianca defendants were convinced Atkins had stabbed Tate, he falsely testified that he did not stab her.
Displeased by the panic of the victims at Cielo Drive, Manson accompanied the six, "to show [them] how to do it. This was the home of supermarket executive Leno LaBianca and his wife, Rosemary, a dress shop co-owner.
Located in the Los Feliz section of Los Angeles, it was next door to a house at which Manson and Family members had attended a party the previous year. According to Atkins and Kasabian, Manson disappeared up the driveway and returned to say he had tied up the house's occupants; then he sent Watson up with Krenwinkel and Van Houten. In his autobiography, on the other hand, Watson stated that, having gone up alone, Manson returned to take him up to the house with him.
After Manson pointed out a sleeping man through a window, the two of them entered through the unlocked back door. Watson added that, at trial, he "went along with" the women's account, which he figured made him "look that much less responsible. As Watson tells it, Manson roused the sleeping Leno LaBianca from the couch at gunpoint and had Watson bind his hands with a leather thong.
He bound these in place with lamp cords. Manson left, sending Krenwinkel and Leslie Van Houten into the house with instructions that the couple be killed. Before leaving Spahn Ranch, Watson had complained to Manson of the inadequacy of the previous night's weapons. Now, sending the women from the kitchen to the bedroom, to which Rosemary LaBianca had been returned, he went to the living room and began stabbing Leno LaBianca with a chrome-plated bayonet.
The first thrust went into the man's throat. Sounds of a scuffle in the bedroom drew Watson there to discover Mrs. LaBianca keeping the women at bay by swinging the lamp tied to her neck. After subduing her with several stabs of the bayonet, he returned to the living room and resumed attacking Leno, whom he stabbed the balance of 12 times with the bayonet. When he had finished, Watson carved "WAR" on the man's exposed abdomen. He stated this in his autobiography.
In an unclear portion of her eventual grand jury testimony, Atkins, who did not enter the LaBianca house, possibly said she believed Krenwinkel had carved the word. In a ghost-written newspaper account based on a statement she had made earlier to her attorney, she said Watson carved it. LaBianca too. She did, stabbing her approximately 16 times in the back and the exposed buttocks.
Evidence showed that many of Mrs. LaBianca's 41 stab wounds had, in fact, been inflicted post-mortem. While Watson cleaned off the bayonet and showered, Krenwinkel wrote "Rise" and "Death to pigs" on the walls and "Healter [sic] Skelter" on the refrigerator door, all in LaBianca blood.
She gave Leno LaBianca 14 puncture wounds with an ivory-handled, two-tined carving fork, which she left jutting out of his stomach. She also planted a steak knife in his throat. Hoping for a double crime, Manson had gone on to direct Kasabian to drive to the Venice home of an actor acquaintance of hers, another "piggy. Kasabian thwarted this murder by deliberately knocking on the wrong apartment door and waking a stranger.
As the group abandoned the murder plan and left, Susan Atkins defecated in the stairwell. The Tate murders had become news on August 9, Thinking the Tate murders a consequence of a drug transaction, the Tate team ignored this and the crimes' other similarities. The Tate autopsies were under way and the LaBianca bodies were yet to be discovered. Steven Parent, the shooting victim in the Tate driveway, was determined to have been an acquaintance of William Garretson, who lived in the guest house.
Garretson was a young man hired by Rudi Altobelli to take care of the property while Altobelli himself was away. As the killers arrived, Parent had been leaving Cielo Drive, after a visit to Garretson.
Held briefly as a Tate suspect, Garretson told police he had neither seen nor heard anything on the murder night. He was released on August 11, , after undergoing a polygraph examination that indicated he had not been involved in the crimes.
Interviewed decades later, he stated he had, in fact, witnessed a portion of the murders, as the examination suggested. The LaBianca crime scene was discovered at about p. Fifteen-year-old Frank Struthers—Rosemary's son from a prior marriage and Leno's stepson—returned from a camping trip and was disturbed by the exterior condition of the home. He called his older sister and her boyfriend.
The boyfriend, Joe Dorgan, accompanied the younger Struthers into the home and discovered Leno's body. Rosemary's body was found by investigating police officers.
Weapons were seized, but because the warrant had been misdated the group was released a few days later. The LaBianca detectives were generally younger than the Tate team.
They learned of the Hinman case. Manson was born in Cincinnati, Ohio, in His mother was Kentucky-born runaway Kathleen Maddox, who was 16 years old at the time of his birth and didn't name him immediately during his first weeks, he went by "no name Maddox" , is said to have been promiscuous and a drinker. According to family members, she once even sold Charles to a waitress for a pitcher of beer, though he was retrieved by an uncle shortly afterward.
In , she filed for child support from a Colonel Scott from Kentucky and was awarded it, but never received any. She was briefly married to one William Manson, who was listed as Charles' birth father on the birth certificate and gave him his name.
She would be gone for days or weeks at a time, during which he was left with his aunt or grandmother. In , Maddox and her brother went to prison for robbery and her son moved in with an aunt and uncle in West Virginia.
Three years later, she was paroled and took him back. Growing up, Charles was a quiet loner who often moved to and from different temporary residences with his mother. At the age of nine, he was caught stealing and was sent to a reform school. The same thing happened again when he was In , Maddox tried to have him put in a foster home, but none could take him. Instead, he was placed in the Gibault School for Boys in Indiana by the court, but ran away the next year and tried to return to his mother.
After being rejected, he started living on his own, making money through burglaries and spent time in several juvenile detention centers and childcare facilities in multiple states. During one of his last stays, he raped a fellow detainee while holding a razor blade to his throat. In , Manson was placed in the Chillicothe Correctional Facility in Chillicothe, Ohio, where he became more cooperative to the keepers than he had been at his previous institutions and even became literate while there.
An aptitude test estimated his IQ at and said that he had an average aptitude for everything but music. In , he was paroled and spent some time living with various family members. In , he married a waitress who carried his son, Charles Jr. When the child was born, Manson was incarcerated in Los Angeles for auto theft his wife had driven to the city in a car he had stolen to join him.
Three years into his prison term, he and his wife divorced. In , he was paroled, only to start pimping a year-old prostitute in Pasadena. The following years he spent doing legal negotiations on charges of white slavery and of forging a U.
Treasury check. On March 21, , he was released from the Federal Correction Institution on Terminal Island after less than a year there and moved to Berkeley, where he moved into an apartment with help from a friend from prison. He actually protested when he was due for release, saying he was happy with staying in jail and playing his guitar a cellmate had taught him how to.
He married a woman named Mary Brunner and moved in with her. Soon there were 18 additional women living in the same apartment. He began gathering more followers, male and female, to what became his "family" see below and moved in with them to the Spahn Ranch in the Santa Susana Mountains, a former set used for shooting the Western shows Bonanza and Gunsmoke. The owner, year-old George Spahn, allowed the Family to stay if they helped work the grounds.
Manson also made some female members have sex with Spahn. They later moved to the Barker Ranch in Death Valley.
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