Since 19th century, numbers have been developed into more and more complex form and is known as hypercomplex numbers. There are various types of numbers like even, prime, odd, rational, irrational, computable, p-adic, nonstandard, transfinite numbers etc. Hindu-Arabic numeral system is used very often, and Indian mathematicians are given credit for developing integers and decimal, without which calculations would have become very difficult.
Aryabhata for developing place value and Brahma Gupta for giving zero to mathematics is very useful. These numeral systems then spread to different regions of the world, and the concept of digits in Europe was given by Arabs , so it was referred to as Hindu-Arabic System.
The unary numeral system is considered one of the simplest numerals because it is represented in symbols, i. It has been used since ancient times. It is only used to denote natural numbers. Tally marks are used to represent small numbers as large numbers are difficult to use. But it plays an important role in theoretical computer science. Egyptian numeral system existed in BCE where numbers have multiples of 10, and higher powers were rounded off.
There was no concept of place value in the Egyptian numeral system. Roman numerals are used since ancient Roman times. Even after the decline of the Roman empire, it was used. Numerals can be systems of any number such as the system of real numbers, a system of natural numbers, a system of prime numbers, system of a complex number, system of p-adic number etc.
Greeks, Arabians, Romans, everybody has used numerals. Numerals are not unique as the same number can be represented in many specific ways in the different numeral systems.
Both Numbers and Numeral are an important part of mathematics. Both are used to calculate, measure and count mathematical equations. Both are often considered as same, but they are not. There is a distinction between the two. Its seven episodes were broadcast by ARD beginning September 17, The series has since acquired cult status in Germany. Broadcast six years before Star Trek first aired in West Germany in , it became a huge success.
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Spread the word Ramblings of a Short Fat Failed Physicist. Feedjit Feedjit Live Blog Stats. Recent visitors Feedjit Live Blog Stats. ET Engage. ET Secure IT. Suggest a new Definition Proposed definitions will be considered for inclusion in the Economictimes. Graph Theory Definition: Graph is a mathematical representation of a network and it describes the relationship between lines and points. Vertex Node : A node v is an intersection point of a graph.
It denotes a location such as a city, a road intersection, or a transport terminal stations, harbours, and airports. Edge Link : An edge e is a link between two nodes. A link denotes movements between nodes. It has a direction that is generally represented as an arrow. If an arrow is not used, it means the link is bi-directional. Transport geography can be defined by a graph.
Most networks, namely road, transit, and rail networks, are defined more by their links than by nodes. But it is not true for all transportation networks. For instance, air networks are defined more by their nodes than by their links since links are mostly not clearly defined. A telecommunication system can also be represented as a network.
Mobile telephone networks or the internet is the considered the most complex graph. However, cell phones and antennas can be represented as nodes whereas links could be individual phone calls. The core of the internet or servers can also be represented as nodes while the physical infrastructure between them, like fiber optic cables, can act as links.
This suggests that all transport networks can be represented by graph theory in some way. Definition: Number theory is a branch of pure mathematics devoted to the study of the natural numbers and the integers. Description: The number theory helps discover interesting relationships between different sorts of numbers and to prove that these are true. Number Theory is partly experimental and partly theoretical.
Experimental part leads to questions and suggests ways to answer them.
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